Paul Cézanne
The Temptation of Saint Anthony
ca. 1870
La Tentation de Saint Antoine
Oil on canvas
57 x 76 cm
Rewald 167
John Rewald, The Paintings of Paul Cézanne, A Catalogue Raisonné, 2 vol., New York 1996. See also: The Paintings, Watercolors and Drawings of Paul Cézanne, An online catalogue raisonné under the direction of Walter Feilchenfeldt, Jayne Warman and David Nash, www.cezannecatalogue.com
Provenance
1Ambroise Vollard Paris Rewald no. 167.
2Auguste Pellerin Paris Rewald no. 167.
3Alphonse Kann St-Germain-en-Laye • by 1917 until at least 1938 Französische Kunst des XIX. und XX. Jahrhunderts, (exh. cat.) Kunsthaus Zurich 1917, no. 18; Honderd Jaar Fransche Kunst, (exh. cat.) Stedelijk Museum Amsterdam 1938, no. 2.
4Michael Stewart London • by 1952 By inheritance from the above, AStEGB, Letter from Arthur Tooth & Sons, London, to Emil Bührle, 17 April 1952; Letter from Dr. Arthur Kauffmann, London, to Emil Bührle, 8 June 1952.
5Arthur Tooth & Sons London • by 1952 until 1956 Paris–Londres, A Collection of Pictures, Many Recently acquired in France, (exh. cat.) Arthur Tooth & Sons Ltd., London 1952, no. 11; AStEGB, Letter from Arthur Tooth & Sons, London, to Emil Bührle, 17 April 1952. According to Cézanne, The Early Years 1859–1872, (exh. cat.) Royal Academy of Arts, London etc. 1988–89, no. 50, the painting may have been in a private collection in the USA between Stewart and Tooth; however, Letter as above, evidences that Tooth had the work directly from Stewart when it was exhibited in 1952.
6M. Knoedler & Co., Inc. New York • 1955–1956 Co-owned with the above as of 13 June 1955, the Knoedler Galleries half share being $ 13.500, Getty Research Center, Santa Monica (Calfornia), Knoedler Gallery Archive, Stock Book 10, p. 152, no. A6032.
7Emil Bührle Zurich • 27 March 1956 until [d.] 28 November 1956 Acquired from the above on 27 March 1956 for $ 75.000, Stock Book as above, n. (6); AStEGB, Entry Book II, 12 March 1956; the painting was purchased together with Braque, Port de l'Estaque (Emil Bührle Collection, Inv. 10), priced at $ 13.000, AStEGB, Confirmation of payment of $ 88.000 to M. Knoedler & Co., Inc., New York, from Industrie- und Handelsbank, Zurich, to Emil Bührle, 27 March 1956.
8Given by the heirs of Emil Bührle to the Foundation E.G. Bührle Collection Zurich • 1960 Inv. 15.
AStEGB = Archive of the Foundation E.G. Bührle Collection, Zurich
John Rewald, The Paintings of Paul Cézanne, A Catalogue Raisonné, 2 vol., New York 1996. See also: The Paintings, Watercolors and Drawings of Paul Cézanne, An online catalogue raisonné under the direction of Walter Feilchenfeldt, Jayne Warman and David Nash, www.cezannecatalogue.com
Exhibitions
1917Französische Kunst des XIX. und XX. Jahrhunderts Kunsthaus Zurich • 1917 no. 18.
1936Paul Cézanne Kunsthalle Basel • 1936 no. 5. ▪
1938Honderd Jaar Fransche Kunst Stedelijk Museum Amsterdam • 1938 no. 2.
1952Paris–Londres, A Collection of Pictures, Many Recently acquired in France Arthur Tooth & Sons Ltd. • London • 1952 no. 11.
1953Monticelli et le Baroque provençal Orangerie des Tuileries • Paris • 1953 no. 8.
1954An Exhibition of Paintings by Cézanne Royal Scottish Academy, Edinburgh • Tate Gallery, London • 1954 no. 5.
1956Paul Cézanne 1838–1906 Kunsthaus Zurich • 1956 no. 204.
1958Sammlung Emil G. Bührle, Festschrift zu Ehren von Emil G. Bührle zur Eröffnung des Kunsthaus-Neubaus und Katalog der Sammlung Emil G. Bührle Kunsthaus Zurich • 1958 no. 214.
1958Hauptwerke der Sammlung Emil Georg Bührle–Zürich Haus der Kunst • Munich • 1958–59 no. 12.
1961Masterpieces of French Painting from the Bührle Collection Royal Scottish Academy, Edinburgh • National Gallery, London • 1961 no. 30.
1988Cézanne, The Early Years 1859–1872 (Cézanne, Les années de jeunesse 1859–1872) Royal Academy of Arts London • Musée d'Orsay, Paris • National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C. • 1988–89 no. 50.
1999Cézanne und die Moderne Fondation Beyeler • Riehen/Basel • 1999–2000 no. 4.
2005Bordell und Boudoir, Cézanne, Degas, Toulouse-Lautrec, Picasso Kunsthalle Tübingen • 2005 no. 15.
2010Van Gogh, Cézanne, Monet, Die Sammlung Bührle zu Gast im Kunsthaus Zürich Kunsthaus Zurich • 2010 no. 15.
2011Cézanne et Paris Musée du Luxembourg • Paris • 2011–12 no. 43.
2017Paul Cézanne, Le Chant de la terre Fondation Pierre Gianadda • Martigny • 2017 no. 81.
2018Bührle Collection: Impressionist Masterpieces from the E.G. Bührle Collection, Zurich (Switzerland) National Art Center, Tokyo • Kyushu National Museum, Fukuoka • Nagoya City Art Museum • 2018 no. 37.
2019La Collection Emil BührleMusée Maillol • Paris • 2019 no. 14.
References
1914Wilhelm Hausenstein Die bildende Kunst der Gegenwart, Malerei, Plastik, Zeichnung Berlin & Stuttgart • 1914 • p. 97 (ill.).
1914Ambroise Vollard Paul Cézanne Paris • 1914 • fig. 6, 47 (reproduction of 9 photographs in 1 frame, exhibited at the «Salon d'automne» 1904; English edition: Paul Cézanne, His Life and Art, New York 1923, 21937).
1918Julius Meier-Graefe Cézanne und sein Kreis, Ein Beitrag zur Entwicklungsgeschichte Munich • 1918 • p. 97 (ill., 21920; 31920; 41922, p. 111 [ill.]).
1919Gustave Coquiot Paul Cézanne Paris • 1919 • p. 68.
1922André Fontainas • Louis Vauxcelles Histoire générale de l'Art français de la Révolution à nos jours Paris • 1922 • vol. 1 • p. 226.
1923Ferenc Lehel Cézanne Budapest • 1923 • fig. 3.
1923Julius Meier-Graefe Paul Cézanne Munich • 51923 • pp. 18, 21 (ill.; English edition: Cézanne, London & New York 1927, fig. 13).
1923Georges Rivière Le Maître Paul Cézanne Paris • 1923 • p. 199.
1924Julius Meier-Graefe Entwicklungsgeschichte der modernen Kunst vol. 3 • 2Munich • 1924 • fig. 487.
1925Léo Larguier Le dimanche avec Paul Cézanne, Souvenirs Paris • 1925 • p. 128 (ill.).
1926Ikouma Arishima Cézanne Tokyo • 1926 • fig. 41.
1927Friedrich Rintelen «Paul Cézannes geschichtliche Stellung» in Reden und Aufsätze Basel • 1927 • p. 155.
1929Roger Fry «Cézannes Udvikling» in Samleren (6) • 1929 • p. 132 (ill.).
1930Joachim Gasquet Les albums d'art Druet, Cézanne, 24 Phototypies Paris • 1930 • [no. 4].
1935Gerstle Mack Paul Cézanne London & New York • 1935 • p. 141 (21936).
1936Eugenio d'Ors Paul Cézanne London & New York • 1936 • fig. 49.
1935Lionello Venturi «Cézanne» in L'Arte(38/July) • 1935 • fig. 3.
1936Lionello Venturi Cézanne, Son art, son oeuvre Paris • 1936 • vol. 1, Texte, no. 103, vol. 2, Planches, fig. 26 (top).
1936Cézanne (exh. cat.) • Orangerie des Tuileries • Paris • 1936 • p. 72.
1936René Huyghe «Cézanne et son œuvre» in L'Amour de l'art (17) • 1936 • p. 168, fig. 44.
1937Edgar Schenck «Girl with Her Doll» in Honolulu Academy of Arts Bulletin (5) • 1937 • fig. 1.
1946Göran Schildt Cézanne Stockholm • 1946 • fig. 18.
1948Bernard Dorival Cézanne Paris • 1948 • pp. 28, 143, fig. 13 (English edition: New York 1948).
1948Gotthard Jedlicka Cézanne Bern • 1948 • fig. 6.
1952Georg Schmidt Aquarelle von Paul Cézanne Basel • 1952 • pp. 12–13.
1952Maurice Raynal Cézanne Geneva • 1952 • pp. 25, 30–31.
1958Gertrude Berthold Cézanne und die alten Meister Stuttgart • 1958 • p. 35.
1958John C. Lapp «Zola et La Tentation de St-Antoine» in Revue des Sciences Humaines (Oct./Dec.) • 1958 • pp. 515 (n. 1)–516.
1959Raymond Cogniat Le siècle des impressionnistes Paris • 1959 • (German edition: Das Jahrhundert der Impressionisten, Milan 1959, p. 78 [ill.]).
1959Theodore Reff «Cézanne: The Enigma of the Nude» in Art News (November) • 1959 • p. 29, fig. 10.
1960Robert Th. Stoll Van Gogh, Gauguin, Cézanne Zurich • 1960 • p. 88, fig. 33.
1961Fritz Novotny Cézanne London • 1961 • fig. 4 (German edition: Cologne 1961).
1962Theodore Reff «Cézanne's Constructive Stroke» in Art Quarterly (25) • 1962 • pp. 221–222.
1962Theodore Reff «Cézanne, Flaubert, St. Anthony, and the Queen of Sheba» in Art Bulletin (44) • 1962 • pp. 113–125, fig. 1.
1963René Wehrli «Emil G. Bührle, Zurich, French Nineteenth-Century Paintings» in Great Private Collections Douglas Cooper (ed.) • New York • 1963 • p. 220.
1966Theodore Reff «Cézanne and Hercules» in Art Bulletin (48) • 1966 • p. 40, fig. 9.
1969Chuji Igekami Cézanne [in Japanese] • Tokyo • 1969 • no. 3, fig. 3.
1969Frank Elgar Cézanne London • 1969 • (21974; American edition: New York 1970; 21975, fig. 8 • French edition: Paris 1968; 21988 • German edition: Stuttgart 1969 • Spanish edition: Barcelone 1969 • Portuguese edition: Lisbon 1974).
1969Jack Lindsay Cézanne, His Life and Art London • 1969 • pp. 144–146, 249, 347, 364 (ill.).
1970Alfonso Gatto • Sandra Orienti L'opera completa di Cézanne Milan • 1970 • no. 29 (ill.; 21979; English edition: Ian Dunlop, Sandra Orienti, The Complete Paintings of Cézanne, Middlesex & New York 1970; 21972; 31985 • German edition: Oskar Bätschmann, Sandra Orienti, Das Gesamtwerk von Cézanne, Lucerne etc. 1970 • Spanish edition: La obra pictórica completa de Cézanne, Barcelona 1970; 21977 • French edition: Sandra Orienti, Gaëtan Picon, Tout l'œuvre peint de Cézanne, Paris 1975; 21995).
1971Casimir Malevich Essays on Art 1915–1933 New York • 1971 • pp. 19–30, 116, fig. 3.
1972Shumon Miura etc. Cézanne[in Japanese] • Tokyo • 1972 • no. 20, fig. 20.
1973Leopold Reidemeister etc. Stiftung Sammlung Emil G. Bührle • Fondation Collection Emil G. Bührle • Foundation Emil G. Bührle Collection Zurich & Munich • 1973 • no. 51 (ill.; 21986).
1973Meyer Schapiro Paul Cézanne Paris • 1973 • p. 44 (ill.).
1975Nicholas Wadley Cézanne and His Art London etc. • 1975 • p. 25, fig. 20.
1977Theodore Reff «Painting and Theory in the Final Decade» in Cézanne, The Late Work (exh. cat.) • Museum of Modern Art, New York etc. • 1977 • pp. 18 (ill.), 42 (ill. center).
1978Lionello Venturi Cézanne Geneva • 1978 • pp. 19 (ill.), 21 (ill., detail; 21991, pp. 23 [ill.], 25, [ill., detail]).
1980Götz Adriani Paul Cézanne, «Der Liebeskampf», Aspekte zum Frühwerk Cézannes Munich & Zurich • 1980 • pp. 56–57, fig. 8.
1980Nello Ponente Cézanne Bologna • 1980 • pp. 26–27, fig. 3.
1981Götz Adriani Paul Cézanne, Aquarelle (exh. cat.) • Kunsthalle Tübingen etc. • 1981–82 • p. 261, entry for cat. no. 6 (ill.).
1986Bruce Bernard The Impressionist Revolution London • 1986 • p. 239 (ill.; German edition: Die grossen Impressionisten, Revolution in der Malerei, Munich 1987).
1988Hajo Düchting Paul Cézanne 1839–1906, Natur wird Kunst Cologne • 1988 • (22003, p. 33 [ill.]; English edition: Paul Cézanne 1839–1906, Nature into Art).
1989Mary Louise Krumrine «La Tentation de St-Antoine» in Paul Cézanne, Die Badenden (exh. cat.) • Kunstmuseum Basel • 1989 • pp. 50–58, fig. 26.
1989Mary Tompkins Lewis Cézanne's Early Imagery Berkeley • 1989 • pp. 183–192, fig. 12.
1994Emil Maurer Stiftung Sammlung E.G. Bührle, Zürich Bern • 1994 • p. 42–43 (ill.; English edition: Foundation E.G. Bührle Collection, Zurich, Bern 1995).
1994Henri Loyrette «The Nude» in Origins of Impressionism (exh. cat.) • Metropolitan Museum of Art • New York • 1994–95 • fig. 158 (French edition: «Le nu», in Impressionnisme, Les origines 1859–1869, [exh. cat.] Grand Palais, Paris 1994).
1995Cézanne (exh. cat.) • Philadelphia Museum of Art etc. • 1995–96 • p. 156, entry for cat. no. 40, fig. 1 (French edition: Paul Cézanne, Une rétrospective, [exh. cat.] Grand Palais, Paris).
1995Walter Feilchenfeldt «Cézanne's Collectors, From Zola to Annenberg» in Cézanne (exh. cat.) • Philadelphia Museum of Art etc. • 1995–96 • p. 578 (French edition: Paul Cézanne, Une rétrospective, [exh. cat.] Grand Palais, Paris; German edition: Walter Feilchenfeldt, «Cézannes Sammler, Von Zola bis Annenberg», in «By Appointment Only», Schriften zu Kunst und Kunsthandel, Cézanne und van Gogh, Wädenswil 2005, p. 194).
1996John Rewald The Paintings of Paul Cézanne, A Catalogue Raisonné London & New York • 1996 • vol. 1 • no. 167; vol. 2, fig. 167.
1999Timothy J. Clark Farewell to an Idea, Episodes from a History of Modernism New Haven & London • 1999 • pp. 150–151, fig. 87 (22001).
2000Mary Tompkins Lewis Cézanne London • 2000 • p. 79, fig. 42.
2001Steven Platzman Cézanne, The Self-Portraits Berkley & London • 2001 • pp. 116 (ill.)–117, 118–119 (ill. double page), no. 29 (ill.; German edition: Cézanne, Die Selbstporträts, Munich 2001).
2004Lukas Gloor • Marco Goldin (ed.)Foundation E.G. Bührle Collection, Zurich, Catalogue vol. 3 • Conegliano & Zurich • 2004 • no. 110 (ill.; German edition: Stiftung Sammlung E.G. Bührle, Katalog • Italian edition: Fondazione Collezione E.G. Bührle, Catalogo).
2005Hans-Jürgen Hafner «Die längste Zeit, Phantomschmerzen» in Trouble with Fantasy (exh. cat.) • Kunsthalle Nuremberg • 2005–06 • p. 27 (ill. right).
2009Susan Sidlauskas Cézanne's Other, The Portraits of Hortense Berkley etc. • 2009 • p. 149.
2010Sabine Narr Die Legende als Kunstform, Victor Hugo, Gustave Flaubert, Émile Zola Munich • 2010 • fig. 15.
2012Alex Danchev Cézanne, A Life London • 2012 • p. 349, fig. 49.
2021Lukas Gloor «The Holdings of the Emil Bührle Collection: Illustrated List of All 633 Purchases» in The Emil Bührle Collection: History, Full Catalogue and 70 Masterpieces Swiss Institute for Art Research, Zurich (ed.) • Munich • 2021 • no. 506 (ill.).